Sure, I can provide some information on the topics you’ve mentioned. Please note that the information below is current as of my knowledge cutoff date (September 2021) and may be subject to change.
Wages and salary in Turkey
The minimum wage in Turkey for 2021 is 3,577 Turkish Lira (TL) per month before taxes. However, the actual salary for most jobs is higher than the minimum wage. Salaries can vary widely depending on the industry, location, and experience level.
Housing costs in Turkey
The cost of housing in Turkey can vary greatly depending on the location, size, and condition of the property. In Istanbul, for example, the average cost of a one-bedroom apartment in the city center is around 3,000 TL per month, while a similar apartment in a smaller city might cost 1,500-2,000 TL per month. If you’re looking to buy property, the average price per square meter is around 7,000 TL in Istanbul and 3,500 TL in other cities.
Cost of domestic bills in Turkey
The cost of utilities (electricity, gas, water, and garbage) for an average household in Turkey is around 500 TL per month. However, this can vary depending on the size of the household, the level of consumption, and the region.
Healthcare costs in Turkey
Turkey has a public healthcare system that provides free or low-cost healthcare services to Turkish citizens and legal residents. If you have Turkish citizenship or residence permit, you can access the public healthcare system by registering with a local health center. There are also private healthcare options available, which can be more expensive.
Childcare costs in Turkey
The cost of childcare in Turkey can vary depending on the type of care and the location. For example, a full-time nanny in Istanbul might cost around 3,000-4,000 TL per month, while a full-time daycare center might cost around 1,000-2,000 TL per month.
Study costs in Turkey
Tuition fees for universities in Turkey can vary depending on the program and the university. Public universities are generally less expensive than private universities. For example, the average tuition fee for a public university is around 1,000-2,000 TL per year, while a private university can cost up to 50,000 TL per year.
The cost of food and drink in Turkey
The cost of food and drink in Turkey is generally lower than in most Western countries. For example, a meal at an inexpensive restaurant can cost around 20-30 TL, while a mid-range restaurant can cost around 50-70 TL. Grocery prices can vary depending on the location and the type of product, but are generally lower than in most Western countries.
Transport costs in Turkey
The cost of transportation in Turkey can vary depending on the mode of transport and the location. In Istanbul, for example, a single ride on public transportation costs 3.50 TL, while a monthly pass costs around 250 TL. Taxis are also relatively affordable, with a starting fare of around 4 TL and a cost of around 2 TL per kilometer.
Leisure activities in Turkey
Turkey is a country with a rich cultural heritage, beautiful natural landscapes, and a vibrant contemporary scene, offering a wide range of leisure activities for visitors and locals alike. Here are some popular leisure activities in Turkey:
- Sightseeing and Cultural Activities: Turkey is home to many ancient sites and landmarks that are popular among visitors, including the Hagia Sophia, Topkapi Palace, the Blue Mosque, and the ruins of Ephesus. These cultural activities provide a glimpse into Turkey’s fascinating history and offer a chance to learn about the country’s diverse cultures.
- Beaches: Turkey is surrounded by the Aegean, Mediterranean, and Black Seas, which offer plenty of opportunities for swimming, sunbathing, and water sports. Some of the most popular beach destinations in Turkey include Antalya, Bodrum, and Marmaris.
- Shopping: Turkey is known for its vibrant bazaars and markets, which offer a range of goods from traditional handicrafts and textiles to modern clothing and accessories. Some of the most popular markets in Turkey include the Grand Bazaar and Spice Bazaar in Istanbul.
- Food and Drink: Turkish cuisine is renowned for its diverse flavors and rich history. Visitors can try local specialties such as kebabs, meze, and Turkish coffee. There are also plenty of bars and cafes where visitors can relax and enjoy a drink while taking in the local atmosphere.
- Outdoor Activities: Turkey’s beautiful natural landscapes provide ample opportunities for outdoor activities, including hiking, trekking, and skiing. Some of the most popular outdoor destinations in Turkey include the Cappadocia region, Mount Nemrut, and the Taurus Mountains.
- Nightlife: Turkey has a lively nightlife scene, especially in Istanbul, with many bars, clubs, and live music venues. The city’s nightlife scene is a mix of traditional Turkish music and modern pop and electronic music.
Overall, Turkey offers a diverse range of leisure activities for visitors and locals, making it a popular destination for those seeking culture, relaxation, and adventure.
Taxation and social security in Turkey
Taxation and social security in Turkey are regulated by the Turkish Revenue Administration and the Social Security Institution (SGK), respectively.
Taxation: In Turkey, taxes are divided into two categories: direct taxes and indirect taxes. Direct taxes are taxes levied on income, wealth, and assets, while indirect taxes are taxes levied on goods and services.
Individuals who are resident in Turkey for more than six months in a calendar year are considered to be tax residents and are subject to taxation on their worldwide income. Non-residents are only taxed on their income derived from Turkey. The tax system in Turkey is progressive, which means that those who earn more pay a higher percentage of their income in taxes. The tax rates vary depending on the type and amount of income.
Indirect taxes in Turkey include Value-Added Tax (VAT), Special Consumption Tax (SCT), and Stamp Duty. VAT is the most significant indirect tax in Turkey, and it is charged on goods and services at a standard rate of 18%.
Social security: In Turkey, the social security system is compulsory for all employees and is based on the pay-as-you-go principle, meaning that current workers pay for the benefits of current retirees. The social security system covers health insurance, retirement, disability, unemployment, and occupational accident insurance.
Both employers and employees are required to make contributions to the social security system, and the rates vary depending on the type of insurance. The employer’s contributions are generally higher than the employee’s contributions. Self-employed individuals are also required to make contributions to the social security system.
Overall, Turkey has a comprehensive tax and social security system that provides benefits to its citizens and residents. However, the tax and social security rates and regulations are subject to change based on the economic and political climate of the country.